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Invited paper to Int'l Symposium on New Energy, Denver April 16-18, 1993, sponsored by Int'l Association for New Science, Fort Collins CO 80524.
KEY WORDS: CANCER THERAPY EFFECTS OF PULSED MAGNETIC FIELD OSCILLATIONS IN CANCER THERAPY by Panos T. Pappas, Ph.D.* and Charles Wallach, Ph.D.** http://www.papimi.gr/
Abstract It has been discovered that the effects on tumor cells of a novel method of producing extremely sharp pulses of very high-intensity magnetic field oscillations that has consistently proven more efficacious in tumor cell destruction than similar therapeutic modalities using lower power density. It appears that this observed phenomenon results from inducing an increase in characteristically low tumor cell membrane potential that inhibits mitosis and consequently causes cell death from aging and/or starvation. The importance of this discovery warrants a systematic clinical study as outlined in Appendix A. Background Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (1960) wrote "The living cell is essentially an electrical device..." in which the membrane with its oscillatory pumping function appears to be the generator, fueled by AMP. Nearly a decade later (1968) he also observed, "Cancer [instead of being regarded as a hostile intruder] might be looked upon also as a cell in trouble, which needs help to return to normal." Viewing the cell membrane as an electrical generator, it is clear that potential it develops is a measure of its efficiency and operating condition.
In experimenting with resonant circuits containing physical discontinuities over the past ten years (Pappas, 1990a/b) it was found that easily variable, transient, magnetic oscillations produced in the plasma vector of a shock-excited "unclosed" circuit and applied non-invasively to or through body surfaces in localized areas, appeared to have unique effects on tumor cell reproduction and angiogenesis, resulting in their destruction. This appears to hold true whether the origin of the tumor was induced by a virus or a carcinogen. The proliferation of reports in the medical literature over the past half century related to the biological effects of static and especially pulsed fields (electric, magnetic and electromagnetic) appear to present a paradoxical picture in which various of these modalities have been shown to: · kill tumor cells At first glance, it is difficult to rationalize how such stimuli could produce cell death on the one hand, and cell regeneration on the other. However, as energy loss and ATP production, both of which are interactively and proportionally linked to TMP, it seems reasonable to suppose that an increase in TMP would not only restore homeostasis to cells in which a toxin, infection or injury has lowered their energy resources (Cove, 1990), but also provide the necessary stimulus for new-cell differentiation in the process of tissue repair (Becker, 1974). On close consideration of these factors, it becomes apparent that metabolic processes directly related to cell membrane potential (and its effect on the energy resources of the cell) may be the common link between these phenomena. In support of this hypothesis, it has been shown that, properly applied, these various exogenic stimuli are capable of increasing transmembrane potential (TMP) to or toward an optimum value and energy level of a healthy cell. This is considered to be the key factor, and the efficacy of MIG irradiation suggests that it is the extraordinarily high field intensity which accounts for its much higher rate of success when compared with that of similar devices in current use. Discussion Transmembrane potential (TMP) is defined as the electrical potential
between the negative interior of the cell membrane and plasma environment
(due to the presence of negative ions), with respect to the less negative
or more positive potential of the exterior of the cell membrane and its
tangential environment due to the presence of positive ions (Cone, 1985). In the latter case of carcinogenesis caused by surplus nega-
tive charges bound to the exterior of the membrane, a secondary effect
may be postulated: since these charges would form a negative field or
sheath around the cell, this would tend to repel negatively charged erythrocytes
and lymphocytes, preventing the immune system from destroying the tumor
cells (Cure, 1992). - its synergistic effect when combined with antitumor chemotherapy as reported by Sersa (1992), (Omote, 1988), (Nordenstrom, 1990). - According to Cure (1976) the unique cause of oncogenesis is membrane depolarization by an excess of negative charges on the external surface of a cell due to an accumulation of amino and ribonucleic acids. - Becker (1974) reported on reduction of carcinomas and other cancerous tumors by neutralizing excess negative ions with a positive potential applied to the tumor mass. - Nordenstrom (1990) and Marino (1986) reported similar tumor mass reduction in the forty percentiles with similar techniques. Over the past century, various forms of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic stimulation have been used efficaciously to slow, retard, and even completely dissipate tumor growths. The literature reflects that: direct current applied to the tumor mass is somewhat effective
alone, and more so in combination with chemotherapy, but does not appear
to be an ideal modality. On the other hand, due to uniform penetration characteristics, a rapidly changing (oscillating) magnetic field should have an equal effect on every cell within the tumor mass. What is that effect? It is axiomatic that a moving magnetic field will induce a current in a conductive medium. The conductive medium in this context is the tumor cell, and particularly the polarized cell membrane through which ion exchange is constantly occurring. The stimulus of an oscillating magnetic field will cause current to flow in alternating directions through the conductive cell membrane and interstitial fluids, thus generating an exogenically induced alternating potential across the membrane. A single magnetic oscillation cycle, with equal bidirectional current flow, would cause no net change in TMP. However, the cell membrane presents a non-linear impedance to current flow, and there is a finite time constant involved in the opening and closing of ion gates; thus when rapid magnetic field oscillations occur at a sufficiently high frequency, the potential or charge across the membrane induced by the outward-flowing current does not have time to leak off before the next cycle begins. This results in the cumulative rectification of small increments of negative potential on the interior surface of the membrane, and a net increase in TMP. By driving the TMP well above the critical point where mitosis
is triggered, the reproduction of a tumor cell is inhibited; this phenomenon
is well supported by clinical and in vitro observations. It is further
postulated that in driving the outer surface of the membrane more positive,
the tumor cell becomes more accessible to immunological defense mechanisms
(Cure, 1992). In addition to its ability to inhibit cancer cell reproduction as described above, in a statistically significant number of clinical cases over the past year, MIG irradiation has also been shown to destroy infectious microorganisms in vivo (Wallach, 1993). This phenomenon becomes even more significant in view of the fact that cancer growth may be triggered either by a carcinogens (chemical or ionizing radiation) (Adams, 1986) or by a virus. In 1966 Payton Rous was awarded
the Nobel prize for his 1911 discovery of the carcinogenic Rous virus.
Subsequently, the Rous "virus" was found to be a pleomorphic
form of bacterium producing both DNA and RNA by Mattman (1974), Livingston
(1984) and others who demonstrated that
infectious bacteria not only contained parasitic viruses, but were capable
of metamorphosing into viral forms with changes in electrical and/or
culture
environment. A new hypothesis: Energy deficiency and cancer Cancer is a general phenomenon found in the entire spectrum of living organisms, and its derivatives have been found even in viruses. The fact that carcinogenesis relates to particular energy changes in the cell suggests that an energy resource deficiency may be the central carcinogenic mechanism. This hypothesis offers a new explanation, and suggests methods for the prevention and cure of cancer based on the direct application of high amplitude, plasma-generated pulses of UHF oscillations to cancer cells, and is supported by clinical observations of satisfactory results obtained from this application. References to the relationship of cell energy level and cancer are found throughout the literature; however, it is believed that this may be the first definition and characterization of cancer cells as cells with low internal energy. We base this on the development of a device that, in supplying electrical energy at a cellular level, has been seen to diminish and even to calcify cancer tumors of nearly all types. When a cell becomes cancerous, the following facts relating to the internal energy of the cell are observed (Yunis, 1983), (Sheer, 1986), (Dimdi, 1985), (Papaspyrou, 1991): a) The number of mitochondria is diminished, thus reducing the b) The ATP-producing function of oxidation-phosphorylation is c) Anaerobic metabolism (glycolysis) increases, acquiring a d) The internal level of Na+ ions is increased relative to the 1) Na+ has a large tendency for hydration; one Na+ ion can bind at least one H2O molecule, and water displaces internal thermal energy to the outside (Sturmer, 1991). 2) High internal Na+ concentrations relative to external K+ concentration impairs the efficiency of the Na/K pump that exchanges three internal Na+ ions with two external K+ ions. Although all four of these phenomena may be interrelated (Szent-Gyorgyi, 1976), they have in common the effect of reducing the internal energy resources of the cancer cell. In case d(2) above, this is more evident because, according to Goldman's equation (Moore, 1972), high internal Na+ concentration causes a drop in transmembrane potential from a normal healthy cell potential on the order of -50 to -70 mv to a typical cancer cell potential on the order of -15mf (Cone, 1974, 1985). A cell with such low transmembrane potential might be compared
to a dying battery; according to the Goldman formula (Moore, 1972) the
energy level of such a typical cancer cell is less than 5% of that of
a normal, healthy cell and thus clearly fits the characterization of the
energy resource deficiency hypothesis. It is convincingly evident from clinical trials that Pappas Magnetic Induction Generator (MIG) has significantly important therapeutic applications in: Reduction of tumor cells
References
Adams, G. E., (1986), Radiation Carcinogenesis, Introduction
to the Cellular and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Eds: L. M. Franks and
Teich, Oxford Univ Press pp 277-305
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